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European Journal of Heart Failure 2003 5(3):215-216; doi:10.1016/S1388-9842(03)00051-5
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© 2003 European Society of Cardiology

Heart failure management programs: how far should we go?{star}

Tiny Jaarsma

Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Groningen P.O. Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands E-mail address: t.jaarsma@thorax.azg.nl

The first 10% of the full text of this article appears below.

An increasing number of management programs for heart failure patients, aimed at optimising individual care, have been described and evaluated during the last decade.

The existence and content of heart failure management programs differs between and within countries, depending on the patient population, national health care systems and level of education of nurses.

Recently heart failure management programs in Sweden and the Netherlands were described and a variation in the content of these programs was found [1–3].

In general, heart failure management programs differ in 3 ways: content (which components are involved); intensity (how often is . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   1. Components
 

   2. Intensity
 

   3. Models
 

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