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European Journal of Heart Failure 2002 4(6):745-751; doi:10.1016/S1388-9842(02)00163-0
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© 2002 European Society of Cardiology

Effect of aerobic exercise training on inspiratory muscle performance and dyspnoea in patients with chronic heart failure

Nancy Vibarela,b,*, Maurice Hayota, Bertrand Ledermannc, Patrick Messner Pellencc, Michèle Ramonatxoa and Christian Prefauta

a Laboratoire de Physiologie des Interactions, Service Central de Physiologie Clinique, Unité d'Exploration Respiratoire, Centre Hospitalier Arnaud de Villeneuve Montpellier, France
b Laboratoire de la Performance Motrice, Faculté du sport et de l’éducation physique Rue de Vendôme, BP 6237, 45062 Orléans Cedex 2, France
c Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nîmes, France

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +33-2-38-49-48-27; fax: +33-2-38-41-72-60. E-maill address: nancy.vibarel@univ-orleans.fr

Received October 2, 2000; Revised April 10, 2002; Accepted May 27, 2002

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   1. Introduction
 
The diminished exercise tolerance of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) is associated with peripheral muscle fatigue and dyspnoea. Investigations of skeletal muscle in these patients have demonstrated peripheral muscle abnormalities (histochemical and metabolic), including generalised muscle atrophy and a shift from oxidative to glycolytic metabolism, which would explain the symptom of fatigue [1]. It is likely that these intrinsic skeletal muscle changes are not limited to the limb musculature, but are instead generalised [2,3]. Numerous studies have thus focussed on the respiratory muscle abnormalities in these patients: a reduction in strength [4–9]; a decrease in endurance [10,11]; accessory respiratory muscle deoxygenation during exercise [12]; a dramatic increase in diaphragmatic work [2]; and diminished inspiratory muscle performance at exercise [13]. Furthermore, several authors have suggested that, among the mechanisms leading to dyspnoea in patients with CHF, an increase in respiratory muscle activity and/or . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   2. Methods
 
2.1. Subjects
2.2. Spirographic measurements
2.3. Exercise testing
2.4. Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures and mouth occlusion pressure
2.5. Derived parameters
2.6. Dyspnoea
2.7. Training program
2.8. Protocol of cardiorespiratory and respiratory muscle assessment
2.9. Statistics

   3. Results
 
3.1. Spirometric parameters
3.2. Gas exchanges and cardiorespiratory parameters
3.3. Respiratory muscle parameters
3.4. Dyspnoea

   4. Conclusion
 

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