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European Journal of Heart Failure 2001 3(3):331-333; doi:10.1016/S1388-9842(01)00129-5
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© 2001 European Society of Cardiology

Carvedilol increases plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with chronic heart failure

Rudolf A. de Boera, Hans-Marc J. Siebelinka, René A. Tioa, Frans Boomsmab and Dirk J. van Veldhuisena,*

a University Hospital Groningen, Thoraxcenter, Department of Cardiology P.O. Box 30001, Groningen 9700 RB, Netherlands
b COEUR/Department of Internal Medicin, University Hospital Dijkzigt Rotterdam, Netherlands

* Corresponding author. Tel.:+31-503612355; fax: +31-503614391 E-mail address: d.j.van.veldhuisen@thorax.azg.nl (D.J. van Veldhuisen).

Received October 24, 2000; Revised December 15, 2000; Accepted January 17, 2001

The first 10% of the full text of this article appears below.


   1. Background and aim of the study
 
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production leads to increased angiogenesis, which may reduce myocardial ischemia. Myocardial ischemia could lead to ischemic heart disease (IHD), which may cause chronic heart failure (CHF). Tissue ischemia has been reported in CHF [1], possibly due to a combination of increased oxygen demand (wall stress) and a decreased supply (coronary vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction). The use of beta-blockers has emerged as a beneficial treatment in patients with CHF [2–4], but whether increased VEGF production may play a role in this effect is unknown. Reducing heart rate (HR) may lead to increased myocardial . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   2. Methods
 

   3. Results
 

   4. Conclusions
 

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