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European Journal of Heart Failure 2000 2(2):133-136; doi:10.1016/S1388-9842(00)00068-4
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© 2000 European Society of Cardiology

Heart failure in the elderly: a diastolic problem?

Michael Lye* and Nicolas Wisniacki

Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Liverpool Liverpool, UK

* Corresponding author. University Clinical Departments, The Duncan Building, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK. Tel.: +44-151-706-4062; fax: +44-151-706-4064. E-mail address: m.lye@liv.ac.uk (M. Lye).

Key Words: Ageing • Diastolic function • Heart failure • Mechanisms

Received December 14, 1999; Revised February 7, 2000; Accepted February 29, 2000

The first 10% of the full text of this article appears below.


   1. Introduction
 
It is difficult to differentiate the normal ageing process from age-related pathology especially in relation to effects on the cardiovascular system of humans. The difference between the two processes is not entirely semantic — normal cardiovascular ageing is inevitable whereas most pathologies are potentially, at least, preventable or subject to a variable degree of amelioration [1]. With increased understanding many processes previously thought to be ageing are seen to be age-related pathology. Thus, atherosclerosis, because of its almost ubiquitous occurrence in older subjects, was thought previously to be an ageing phenomenon but now we can show it obviously fails four out of the five ageing criteria (Table 1) and therefore it is an example of an age-related pathology. Many studies of ageing in humans have been focused upon individuals over 60 years of age but not . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   2. Age changes in cardiac structure
 

   3. Age changes in cardiac function
 
3.1. Systolic function
3.2. Diastolic function

   4. Heart failure in the ‘old-old’ patient
 

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