© 2005 European Society of Cardiology
Effects of combined administration of low dose atorvastatin and vitamin E on inflammatory markers and endothelial function in patients with heart failure
Cardiology Unit, Hippokration Hospital, Athens University Medical School, A Cardiology Department 69 S. Karagiorga, 16675 Athens, Greece
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +30 210 7782446; fax: +30 210 7485039. E-mail address: tousouli{at}med.uoa.gr
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Abstract |
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Background: Heart failure has been associated with impaired endothelial function, increased inflammatory process and elevated oxidative stress status. Both statins and vitamin E separately improve endothelial function in patients with hypercholesterolemia and/or advanced atherosclerosis.
Aim: To evaluate the effect of atorvastatin alone or in combination with vitamin E on endothelial function and serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-
) and vascular cells adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1) in patients with ischemic heart failure.
Methods: Thirty-eight male patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy were randomly divided into three groups and received either atorvastatin 10 mg/day (n=14), a combination of atorvastatin 10 mg/day plus vitamin E 400 IU/day (n=12), or no statin or antioxidant treatment (n=12), controls) for 4 weeks. Forearm blood flow (FBF) was measured using venous occlusion strain-gauge plethysmography. Forearm vasodilatory response to reactive hyperemia (RH%) or to nitrate (NTG%) was defined as the percent change of FBF from rest to the maximum flow during reactive hyperemia or after nitrate administration, respectively.
Results: RH% was significantly improved in both the atorvastatin-treated (p<0.01) and atorvastatin plus vitamin E groups (p<0.05), but the increase was significantly higher in the atorvastatin-treated group (p<0.05). Serum levels of IL-6, TNF- and sVCAM-1 were decreased in the atorvastatin-treated group (p<0.05 for all), but remained unaffected in the other two groups (p=NS for all).
Conclusions: Low dose atorvastatin treatment improves endothelial function and reduces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules in patients with ischemic heart failure, an effect partly depressed by vitamin E.
Key Words: Heart failure • Inflammation • Cytokines • Statins • Lipids • Vitamins
Received September 29, 2004; Accepted March 3, 2005
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