© 2008 European Society of Cardiology
Type D personality and depressive symptoms are independent predictors of impaired health status in chronic heart failure
a CoRPS – Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Tilburg University Tilburg, The Netherlands
b Department of Medical Psychology, TweeSteden Hospital Tilburg, The Netherlands
c Department of Cardiology TweeSteden Hospital Tilburg, The Netherlands
* Corresponding author. CoRPS, Department of Medical Psychology, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands. Tel.: +31 13 4662496, fax: +31 13 4662370. E-mail address: Angelique.schiffer{at}uvt.nl (A.A. Schiffer).
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Abstract |
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Objective: To examine whether Type D personality exerts a stable, independent effect on health status in CHF over time, adjusted for depressive symptoms.
Subjects: CHF outpatients (n=166; 75% men; mean age 66 years) completed the Type D Scale and Beck Depression Inventory (baseline) and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire and Short-Form Health Survey (baseline and 12 months).
Results: There was a general improvement in disease-specific physical (p=.029) and mental (p<.001) health over time, but Type D patients scored significantly lower on both outcomes (p
.001). The interaction effects Type D x time were not significant, indicating stability of the personality effect. Type D patients also scored significantly lower on all generic physical (p values between .001 and .04) and mental (all p values <.001) health status subdomains; these effects were also stable over time. Type D was an independent predictor of disease-specific mental health (p<.001), social functioning (p=.04), role emotional functioning (p<.001), bodily pain (p=.05), and general health (p=.04), adjusted for depressive symptoms, baseline health status and clinical characteristics. Depressive symptom was an independent predictor of role physical functioning and bodily pain.
Conclusions: Type D personality and depressive symptoms were independent predictors of impaired health status in CHF.
Key Words: Health status • Type D personality • Depression • Chronic heart failure
Received December 18, 2007; Revised May 28, 2008; Accepted June 23, 2008
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